Duplicating machine



March 10, 1942-. R N AL 5 2,275,455

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DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 16, 1958 ll Sheets-Sheet 4 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 March M p NEAL DUPLICATING MACHINE Fi l ed Sept.

March 10, 1942. M. P. NEAL 2,275,455

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 16, 1938 ll Sheets-Sheet 6 March 10, 1942. M. P. NEAL DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 16, 1.938 11 Sheets-Sheet '7 March 10, M P NEAL DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 16, 1938 ll Sheets-Sheet 8 March 10, 1942. p NEAL DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 16, 1938 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 iii"? h ridezz (07:

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March 10, 1942. M p NEAL DUPLICATING MACHINE 11 Sheets-Sheet 1O Jizdn (or.

Filed Sept. 16, 1938 Patented Mar. 10, 1942 DUPLICATING MACHINE Morris r. Neal, Villa Park, 111., assignor to Ditto, Incorporated, Chicago, 111., a. corporation of West Virginia Application September 16, 1938, Serial No. 230,172 17 Claims. (Cl. 101-141) My invention relates to improvements in duplicating machines, being illustrated in connection with a machine of the type employing a master sheet in the form of a thin sheet of aluminum or a sheet of parchment paper, or the like, upon which water or other suitable ink repellent is are not to be restricted to use in connection with this type of machine, however, so far as they are applicable for use with other types of duplicating machines.

My invention relates among other things to an improved driving arrangement for the drum and its cooperating parts by which the drum may be kept constantly in motion at an even rate of speed while the cooperating rollers by which the copy sheets are forwarded to the drum are driven intermittently, the arrangement being such that the copy sheets are presented to the forwarding rollers at the time when such rollers are stationary and that the rear portion of each of the copy sheets as presented to the forwarding rollers is slightly overdriven for causing the sheet to become slightly bowed or buckled by reason of its engagement with the forwarding rollers so as to apply a yielding pressure on the forward edge of the sheet through the resiliency of the bowed portion of the sheet for bringing such forward edge into precise transverse alignment between the forwarding rollers regardless of any slight deviation of the sheet from proper alignment longitudinally as it approaches the forwarding rollers.

To this end, it has been one of the objects of my invention to provide an improved arrangement by which a gear rotatable with the drum and employed for driving the sheet forwarding rollers may be shifted backwardly a short distance with respect to the driving means upon each complete rotation of the drum, such gear being momentarily held stationary during a comparatively small fractional portion of each succeeding rotation of the drum. For accomplishing this purpose, I have provided a novel arrangement of gearing comprising a series of pins mounted in evenly spaced relation about the axis of a driven part in position for engagement successively with suitable latching means, such driven part being provided with a ratchet wheel having teeth corresponding in number with the number of said pins so that said teeth are brought into operative position successively for cooperation with the driving pawl which is carried around evenly without stops during the rotation of the drum. Such improved driving means is of course arranged in critically timed relation with respect to the feed of the copy sheets to the forwarding rollers whereby the copy sheets are buckled as above suggested.

My invention relates further to improved means for feeding water or other ink repellent as the drum rotates, together with improved means for applying ink on the master sheet. Improved means is also provided for moving the moistening means and the inking means successively into and out of operative position and for applying pressure to the copy-sheets through a platen roller which likewise may be moved into and out of operative positionunder the control of the operator.

It is still another object of my invention to improve duplicating machines of this type in sundry details hereinafter pointed out. The preferred means by which I have accomplished my several objects are illustrated in the drawings and are hereinafter specifically described.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of my improved machine, partially broken away at its end portions, and with certain of the other parts either broken away or omitted for clearness of illustration;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken substantially at the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transversevertical sectional view taken substantially at the line 3-3 of Fig. 7;

Figs. 4 and 5 are fragmentary vertical sectional views taken'substantially at the lines 4-4 and 5-5, respectively, of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken substantially at the line 66 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken substantially at the line 'l] of Fig. 6;

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are views similar to a portion of Fig. 2 but with certain of the parts omitted, Fig. 8 showing the parts in their rest position, Fig. 9 showing the water applying roller in operative position, and Fig. 10 showing both the water and the ink applying rollers in operative position, as compared with Fig. 2 which shows the water and ink applying rollers and the impression roller all in operative position;

.Fig. 11 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view on a slightly enlarged scale taken substantially at the line Il.-'l'l of Fig. 6, showing the position of the parts at the start of a momentary pause in the drive of the ratchet and the forwarding rollers;

Fig. 12 is a view substantially similar to Fig. 11, with the cooperating forwarding rollers and the ratchet from which such rollers are driven in the same position as Fig. 11, but with the drum and the paper feeding means in slightly changed position just ready for the reestablishment of the driving connections for the forwarding rollers;

Fig. 13 is a view substantially similar to a portion of Fig. 12 but showing the position of the parts shortly after the reestablishment of the drive for the forwarding rollers; and

Fig. 14 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially at the line Ill-l4 of Fig. 13.

Referring now to the several figures of the drawings, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters, indicates a housing comprising standard portions 2! and 22 at opposite sides of the machine connected by a transversely extending bottom wall portion 23, as is best shown in Fig. 3, such parts comprising the major portions of the frame work of my improved machine. As is best shown in Fig. 1, the housing members Eli and 22 are reinforced by large heavy plates 2% at their inner face portions, other reinforcing parts being employed at other points, such as the reinforcing member 25 as shown at the bottom left hand portion in Fig. 2. The housing is supported in the arrangement shown by blocks 26 of rubber or other suitable material.

As is best shown in Fig. 6, the frame portions 2| and 22 are provided at opposite sides of the machine with ball bearing assemblies 2'! and 28, respectively, by which a heavy shaft 29 is rotatably mounted in position, said shaft 29 having a drum 3!] fixedly mounted thereon. As is best shown in said Fig. 6, a gear 3| is rigidly mounted upon the end portion of the drum at the right in said Fig. 6, a heavy collar 32 and a cam 33 as hereinafter described being interposed between the gear and the end wall of the drum. In the arrangement shown, the gear 3 I, the cam 33 and the collar 32 are connected with the drum by means of machine screws 3G. Immediately below the gear 3| a pinion 35 is rotatably mounted in position upon the standard 22, such pinion 35 being fixedly connected with a crankhandle 36, such connection being effected through the medium of a short shaft 37. The arrangement is such that the operator is enabled to drive the drum 30 continuously through any desired number of successive revolutions through the medium of the crank 36 and its associated parts as above described.

In the preferred arrangement of my improved machine, the drum 38 is provided with a master sheet 38 formed of a thin sheet of aluminum or other suitable material adapted to cause water or other suitable ink repellent to spread over the surfaceand to adhere to the surface, such master sheet 38 being secured in position by means of grippers 39 of any suitable type which preferably press the leading edge of the master sheet against a portion of the drum, as is shown in Fig. 2 and many other figures. The grippers 3.) are preferably spring mounted so as normally to hold the master sheet in position, any suitable means to be provided as is well understood in the art for releasing the grippers 39 when desired for expediting the substitution of a new master sheet in place of one in use.

As is usual in machines of this type, an impression roller 40 is rotatably mounted in position so as to be movable into and out of operative position with respect to the drum. In the arrangement shown, the impression roller 40 is rotatably mounted in position by means of a shaft 4! which is journaled in the end portion of levers 42 which in turn are fixedly mounted upon a shaft 43 rotatably mounted between the standards 2| and 22. Upon the shaft 43, there is fixedly mounted an arm 44 upon the forward end of which a roller 45 is rotatably mounted for controlling the position of the roller 49 as hereinafter described. A coiled spring 66 is connected at one end with the arm 4'3 and at its opposite end with a suitable portion of the framework, serving normally to draw the arm (i l downward for causing the impression roller W to press against the drum.

At the left side of the drum as shown in Fig. 2, I have mounted a roller 41 rotatably in position, such roller being mounted by means of a shaft i8 between the arms of a swingingly mounted bracket &9, a spring 50 being provided in connection with the bracket 43 serving normally to press the roller W toward the right in Fig. 2 for operative engagement with the master sheet 38 on the drum. Above the roller M, there is a transversely extending pipe 5! having a series of openings 52 in its bottom wall portion, as is best shown in Fig. 1, such pipe being connected by means of a rubber hose 53 or the like with a suitable source of water or other ink repellent under pressure as hereinafter described. A trough 54 of any suitable type is provided on the bracket 49 underneath the roller 47 for carrying away excess water or other ink repellent not taken up by the master sheet 38. In the preferred arrangement, the roller ll? is provided with an outer face portion 55 of felt or other suitable absorbent material mounted in position over a base portion 56 of rubber.

The inking means of my improved machine comprises an inking roller 51 journaled by means of a shaft 58 between arms 59 and 6B which are pivotally mounted at their forward ends by means of pins 6!, as is best shown in Fig. 2. In the arrangement shown, the inking roller 57 is provided with a pinion 52 which meshes with a gear 63 fixedly mounted upon the end of the drum at the left in Fig. 3, such gear being best shown in Figs. 1 and 6. The arrangement is such that the inking roller 5! is driven continuously during the rotation of the drum.

Adjacent to the inking roller '57 so as to bear against said roller, there is an ink-cutting roller Gd mounted between the arms and 6G by means of a shaft 65. At one end, the shaft 35 is provided with a comparatively wide gear Fifi which meshes with the gear carried by the inking roller 5?. At its opposite end, the shaft 65 is providedwith a drum 6? having a cam groove 58 in its face. A roller rotatably mounted in position upon a bracket it. engages the cam groove K38 so as to cause the roller 66 to be reciprocated longitudinally transversely of the machine during its rotation, the gear being of such thickness axially as to permit such movement without breaking its driving connec- I tion with the gear 62. The bracket 70 is mounted upon the adjacent arm 60.

Adjacent to the ink-cutting roller 8 5, I have provided a vibrating roller Tl rotatably mounted upon the upper ends of pivotally mounted arms 12 by means of a shaft 13 (see Fig. 2). As is clearly shown in Fig. 2, the arms B2 are urged a roller 16 upon the shaft 13 of the roller II.

The arrangement is such that as the cuttingroiler 64 rotates the vibratory roller TI is moved alternately into and out of engagement with the roller 64.

Adjacent to the vibratory roller II, I have pro- 7 vided an ink fountain 11 of any approved type with a roller 18 forming the inner side face of the fountain, such roller 18 being mounted by means of a shaft 19 journaled in the arms 59 and 60. At one end, the shaft 19 is provided with a ratchet 80 fixedly mounted thereon arranged to be actuated by a pawl 8| pivotally mounted upon one of the arms 12 bywhich the roller H is mounted movably in position. The arrangement is such that when the arm 12 is swung toward the left in Fig. 7 the pawl 8! slides under one or more teeth of the ratchet all and that as the arm swings again toward the right in said Fig. 7 the fountain roller 18 is given a slight rotary movement in counter clockwise direction in said Fig. '7. A spring 82 normally holds the pawl up in engagement with the ratchet til.

The means for throwing the moistening roller i the inking roller 57], and the impression roller (3Q into and out of operative position with respect to the drum 3d and the master sheet 88 carried thereby comprises a cam member 83 rotatably its associated parts in such that when the parts are in the position as shown in Fig. 8, the impression roller 40, the moistening roller 41, and the inking roller 51 are all out of operative position. When the setting head 9| has been rotated slightly for bringing the detent 90 into engagement with the next adjacent notch 89 of 'the head 88, the parts are moved to the position as shown in Fig. 9. in which the impression roller 40 and the inking roller 51. are still out of engagement with the drum, while the moistening roller 41 stands in operative engagement with the master sheet 38 on the drum. When the setting head 9| has been turned still farther so as to extending arm M (see Fig. 8) which terminates at its lower end in a toothed segmental portion iii which meshes with a gear d6 mounted by means of a transverse shaft M journaled in the side frames 2i and 22. At the end opposite that at which the gear 86 is mounted, the shaft 81 is provided with a head member 38 having a plurality of notches 89 therein with one or another of which a spring detent 90 engages, the arrangement being such that the detent 90 holds the cam member 83 yieldingly against rotary movement about the shaft 29 of the drum. Upon its outer end, the shaft 8i is provided with a setting head 98 in the form of a knob by which the shaft ill can be turned for giving the cam member 83 a rotary movement as hereinafter described.

As is clearly shown in Fig. 8, the arm M of the cam member 33 is provided with a cam bar 92 fixedly mounted in position with respect to the arm M so as to engage the roller by which the position of the impression roller fill is controlled. In the arrangement shown'in Fig. 8, the cam bar 92 holds the roller 45 in raised position for holding the impression roller Ml out of engagement with the drum. The cam 83 is provided with a high portion 93 at the left in Fig. 8 adapted by engagement with a roller 94 carried by the shaft 43 of the moistening roller 41 to hold the moistening roller displaced toward the left against bring the parts into the position as shown in Fig. 10, the moistening roller 41 and the inking roller 51 are then both in operative position, while the impression roller 40 is still held in inoperative position. When thereafter the setting head 9! has been turned to bring the spring detent 90 into engagement with the last one of the series of notches 89 of the head 38, the parts are brought to the position as shown in Fig. 2, with the moistening roller 41, the inking roller 51, and the impression roller 40 all in operative position with respect to the drum it and the master sheet 38.

The means for delivering water or other ink repellent to the roller fill through the tube 53 comprises a pump at mounted within a receptacle 93 adapted to hold a supply of water or other suitable repellent for the ink, the pump being arranged so as to deliver a stream of liquid from the receptacle through the tube tit upon downward movement of a plunger 98, downward movement being effected through the medium of a spring M. The upward preparatory stroke of the plunger 98' against the pressure of the spring tlil is effected through the medium of a lever MW which is pivotally mounted upon the end frame 2t by means of a bolt ifii (see Fig. 6 at the left). The iever WU, in turn is actuated by a second lever m which is pivotally mounted upon said bolt Wt and which has an arm Gilli extending underneath the lever Hit! With 9. turned end portion tilt in position to engage said lever tilt. Ihe lever H32 extends upwardly and forwardly from the bolt mm as shown in Figs. 2 and 7, being provided at its upper end with a roller ltd in position to engage a cam m6 fixedly mounted upon the shaft 29 of the drum. The arrangement is such that upon each rotation of the drum till the lever M52 is moved downwardly by the cam W6, serving to raise the lever Mill and with it the plunger 9d of the pump. In the arrangement shown, the lever hit is provided with a handle portion Ml by which the lever can be manipulated manually for actuating the pump whenever such operation is desirable.

In the arrangement shown, the lever W0 is provided. with a downwardly extending arm Wt provided at its lower end with a roller W9 which is in position to engage a cam lit! for limiting the downward movement of the lever Hi0. The cam H6 is rotatably mounted in position by means of a shaft Mi which is provided upon its outer end with a turning head H2 (see Fig. 3) by which the cam can be set at any desired position for limiting the downward movement of the roller 509. In this way, the length of the stroke of the pump 91 is regulated so as to control the amount of fluid delivered through the tube 53.

The means for feeding copy sheets to the drum and for forwarding the sheets in timed relation to the movement of the master sheet 38 comsuchtion to each other adjacent to the impression roller 40. In the arrangement shown, the forwarding roller II3 is mounted in position by means of a shaft II5 which is journaled between the side frames 2| and 22. As is best shown in Fig. 12, the shaft I I5 is provided at one end with a gear II6 which meshes with an idler gear II'I carried by a shaft II 8, the idler gear II'I being in mesh with a gear I I9 loosely mounted upon the collar 32 which is interposed between the gear 3I and the drum 3!) (see Fig. 6). The arrangement is such that when the gear M5 is driven the rollers II 3 and H4 are rotated in cooperative relation for carrying a copy sheet toward the right in Fig. 8 toward the drum 36.

In the arrangement shown, the roller H4 is rotatably mounted in position by means of a shaft I29 which is supported at its opposite ends by arms I2I pivotally mounted on the adjacent frame standards 2i and 22 respectively, each of said arms I2I being pressed upwardly by means of a spring I22 for holding the roller II 4 yieldingly in cooperative relation to the roller II3. The roller I I4 is driven by frictional engagement with the roller II3 or with the copy sheet interposed between said two rollers.

For holding a supply of copy sheets to be fed one at a time to the rollers II3 and H4, I have provided a table I23 extending across from the frame standard 2i to the frame standard 22, as is best shown in Fig. 3. Upon the tabl I23 I have provided adjustable guides I24 and I25 each in the form of an angle, such guides being held in position by means of pins I ZB'eXtending downwardly from the guides through suitable slots in the table I23, such pins I26 being provided with coiled springs I2I thereon for causing the guides to have a frictional grip on the face of the table I23. In the arrangement shown, a pile I28 of copy sheets is supported in position on the table I23 between the guides I24 and I25. As is best shown in Fig. 12, the forward edge portion of the table I 23 is obliquely disposed at I29 for directing a copy sheet from the pile I28 to the bite of the rollers II3 and H4. For assisting in directing the forward edge of a copy sheet to the rollers, I have provided an obliquely disposed guide plate I30 immediately above the obliquely disposed portion I29 of the table.

For feeding copy sheets one at a time from the pile I28 upon the table I23 into the bite of the rollers II3 and H4, I have provided paper feeding means comprising intermittently driven rollers I3I and I32 fixedly mounted upon a shaft I33 journaled in an arm I34 adapted to swing about the axis of a shaft I35 (see Figs. 1 and 2). The means for driving the rollers I3I and I32 comprises sprocket gears I36 and I31 mounted upon the shafts I35 and I33 respectively and operatively connected together by means of a sprocket chain I38, as is clearly shown in Fig. 5.

In my improved arrangement, the shaft I35 carrying the arm I34 and the rollers I 3I and I32 is removably mounted in position. For accomplishing this purpose, a sleeve I39 is mounted upon the shaft I35 at the right in Fig. 3, being connected at one end with one side wall portion of the arm I34, which is shown in the form of a housing, and connected at its opposite end with a socket member I40 which is removably mounted upon therounded head portion I 4| of a pin I42 carried by the frame standard 22. At its opposite end portion, at the left in Fig. 3, the shaft I35 is slidably mounted in a sleeve I43, the opposite end portion of which is slidably mounted upon the inner end of a short shaft section I44 Journaled in a suitable bearing carried by the frame standard 2I. A coiled spring I45 is interposed between the shaft I35 and a pin I46 carried by the sleeve I43, serving normally to hold the sleeve I43 at the limit of its motion toward the left in said Fig. 3. The end portion of the sleeve I43 is notched longitudinally at I4! so as to have releasable engagement with a pin I 46 carried by the shaft section I44. The sleeve I43 is also provided with a pin I49 extending through a longitudinally positioned slot I in the shaft I35. The arrangement is such that the shaft I35 is caused to rotate with the shaft section I45 when in operative position as shown in Fig. 3. Whenever the rollers I3I and I32 are to be re moved from position, the sleeve I43 is moved toward the right in Fig. 3 for freeing the notches I 47 from the pin I48 and for carrying the end of such sleeve toward the right for clearing the end of the shaft section I44, after which the shaft assembly as a whole can be moved toward the left in said figure for clearing the socket member I46 from the pin I52.

The means for rotating the shaft section I44 and the shaft I35 comprises a pinion I5I loosely mounted upon the outer end portion of the shaft section I44, such pinion being connected with the shaft section I44 by means of a clutch comprising a plate I52 having notches I53 therein within which roller bearing devices I54 operate, such roller bearing devices being confined within a shell I55 (see Fig. 4). The roller bearing devices I 54 are normally held by springs I56 in clutching engagement with the shell I55, the arrangement being such that the plate I52 is adapted to drive the shell I55 in clockwise direction in Fig. 4 but is adapted to rotate in counterclockwise direction in said figure independently of movement of the shell.

As is best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the socket member I46 is provided with a shoulder I51 which is adapted by engagement with a pin I58 carried by the frame standard 22 to limit movement of the ,arm I34 in counter clockwise direction in Fig. 2. The arrangement is such that the arm I34 and the rollers I3I and I32 can be lifted from operative position as shown in Fig. 2 and swung upwardly and backwardly into a past center position whenever a fresh supply of copy sheets is to be mounted in position upon the table I23.

The means for driving the pinion I5I in counter clockwise direction in Fig. 2 for giving the rollers I3I and I32 a corresponding rotary move ment for carrying the top sheet from the pile I28 forward toward the right in said figure into the bite of the rollers II3 and H4 comprises an arm I59 provided with a series of teeth I60 at its upper end meshing with the pinion I5 I, such arm being pivotally mounted at about its middle portion upon a horizontally disposed pin I6I carried by the frame standard member 2I as is best shown in Fig. 3. At its lower end, the arm I59 is pivotally connected with a long'link I62, the

I forward end of which is pivotally connected with for holding the roller ns'yieidingly against the cam I06. The arrangement is such that as the drum 30 is rotated the lever I63 is swung about its intermediate pivotal axis for giving the arm I59 corresponding swinging movements. When the lever I63 and the arm I56 are swung in clockwise direction in Fig. 2 against the action of the spring I56 into the position as shown in Fig. 2. the pinion II and the shaft I35 are driven. in counter clockwise direction in said Fig. 2 for forwarding a copy sheet from the pile I28.

The means for driving the gear H3 and the forwarding rollers H3 and H4 intermittently as compared with the continuous rotation of the drum 30 will now be described. This meanscomprises a ratchet I61 fixedly mounted upon the gear II9, as is best shown in Fig. 6. Opposite the ratchet I61, I have provided a pawl I66 pivotally mounted upon the cam member 33, a spring I68 being mounted in position in connection with the pawl for holding it normally at the limit of its motion in counterclockwise direction in Fig. 11. Upon the frame member 2I below and at the right of the drum as shown in Fig. 11, I have mounted a heavy bracket I (see Fig. 14) which is adjustably held in position by means of machine screws I1I extending through are shaped slots I12 whereby the position of the bracket can be adjusted as may be required. Upon the upper edge portion of the bracket I10, I have provided a cam portion I13 in position to engage a roller I14 carried by the pawl I68. The arrangement is such that the roller I14 is brought into engagement with the cam I13 momentarily upon each rotation of the drum, such cam portion being adapted in each instance to give the pawl I68 a slight rotary movement in clockwise direction-in Fig. 11 for causing the pawl to be disengaged from the ratchet I61 so as to permit the pawl I68 and the cam 33 upon which it i mounted to rotate in counterclockwise direction in said Fig. 11 independently of rotation of ratchet I61 and the gear II9. Immediately after the pawl I68 has been disengaged, the roller I14 passes out of engagement with the cam portion I13, and the spring I69 brings the pawl back into position to engage the next succeeding tooth of the ratchet I61. By the provision of this arrangement, the pawl I68 and cam 33 gain one tooth distance upon the ratchet I61 and the gear H9 during each rotation of the drum 30.

Means is provided in connection with the gear M9 for holding the gear stationary each time it is released by the pawl I68 as above described. Such means comprises a plurality of pins I15 mounted upon the outer face of the gear I I9, such pins being mounted in equally spaced relation about the gear, and being equal in number to the number of the teeth in the ratchet 51. For engaging one or another of the pins I15, I have provided a pawl I16 pivotally mounted upon the bracket I10 by means of a pin I11, a spring I18 being provided adapted normally to hold the pawl turned to the limit of its motion in counterclockwise direction in Fig. 11. The pawl I16 is provided upon its outer face with a roller I19 inposition to engage the cam 33. The cam 33 is so positioned and so shaped as to serve during the major portion of the rotation of the cam to hold the pawl I16 out of the path of movement of the pins I15 but so as to permit the pawl I16 to move into engagement with one of the pins I15 when the roller I19 is brought into engagement with a low portion I80 of the cam as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. The arrangement is such that just at the time when the pawl I66 is forced out of" engagement with the ratchet I61 the pawl I16 ispermitted to move inwardly to engage one of the pin I15 for stopping the rotation of the gear "I I9. The arrangement further is such that when the pawl I68 reaches a position as shown in Fig. 12 so as to reengage the ratchet I61, the cam 33 by its action upon the roller I19 forces the pawl I16 out of engagement with the pin I14 so as to permit the cam 33 and the gear IIB again to rotate in unison.

In the operation of the machine, one copy sheet at a time is fed from the pile I28 on the table I23 to the forwarding rollers H3 and I I4, by which the sheet is forwarded between'the drum 30 and the impression roller 40. A the copy sheet moves toward the right in Fig. 11 from the impression roller 48, the sheet is delivered to a tray I8I which is removably mounted in position by any suitable means below the drum immediately at the right of the impression roller as shown in said Fig. 11.

The operating parts as above described are so arranged in timed relation to each other that the rollers I3I and I32 bring the forward edge of the copy sheet into engagement with the rollers I I3 and. H4 very shortly after the rotation of the forwarding rollers H3 and H4 has stopped.

The arrangement is such that at this point of the operation the rollers I3I and I32 are still in active operation for forwarding the .copy sheet toward the right in said Fig. 11. As the movement of the portion of .the copy sheet underneath the rollers I3I and I32 continues after the leading edge of the sheet has been stopped by the rollers H3 and H4, 'the sheet is brought into buckled or'bowed condition as shown in Fig. 12, the continued rotation of the rollers I3I and I32 being merely sufficient for introducing the desired arching of the paper substantially as shown in said figure. As a result of this arrangement and cooperative action, the forward edge of the sheet, designated in Fig. 12.by the reference character I82, is pressed quite firmly by the resiliency of the paper so as to be brought into precise transverse alignment with respect to the forwarding rollers H3 and H4. In this way, even if the sheet I62 be delivered slightly out of normal aligned position, the leading edge is brought into exact transverse alignment so as to insure that the sheet shall be forwarded by the forwarding rollers in the desired aligned position.

With the parts in the position as shown in Fig. 8, when an operator desires to use the machine, the drum is rotated through the medium of the crank handle 36. If desired, the pump 91 can be given an operative stroke or two by the use of the handle :01 on the lever or arm um so as to be sure that the roller 41 is provided with a film of moisture about its face. The head 9| is then given a slight rotary movement for carrying the cam member 83 to the position as shown in Fig. 9, whereupon the drum 36 is given one or more complete revolutions for insuring thatthe face of the master sheet 38 is thoroughly moistened by engagement with the roller 41. The head Si is then given an additional slight movement for bringing the parts to the position as shown in Fig. 10, whereupon the drum is given one or more revolutions for insuring that the master plate shall be thoroughly inked. The head BI is then given a further rotary movement for bringing the parts to the position as shown in Fig. 2, in which position the machine is ready for operation. For the preliminary movement of the drum as above described. the arm I34 is preferably raised for carrying the rollers l3! and I32 out of contact with the pile I23 of copy sheets, the rollers HI and I32 being brought again to their operative position as shown in Fig. 2 after the conditioning .01 the parts as above described.

Upon the continued rotation of the drum by means of the handle 36, a copy sheet is delivered to the forwarding rollers H3 and ill and thence to the drum 3!) and the impression roller 40 upon each complete rotation of the drum 30. The drum 30 is driven continuously at an even speed of rotation, while the forwarding rollers H3 and Ill are driven intermittently as above described in such timed relation with respect to the action of the feeding rollers l3! and I32 as to cause each copy sheet in turn to be buckled for insuring the proper alignment of the sheet as it is pulled forward by the rollers H3 and H4 after the termination of the forwarding movement of the sheet by the feeding rollers BI and I32. My improved machine and its cooperating parts comprising the master sheet 38 of aluminum or of parchment are such that any desired number of copies may be run as may be desired, the master sheet being provided with a fresh supply of ink for each production of a copy therefrom.

By the use of my improved construction, a very efllcient machine is provided, which is comparatively simple in construction and arrangement and which is so arranged as to cause the wear and tear on the mechanism to be kept to a minimum. The machine is so arranged as to be capable of being produced at a comparatively low cost, while at the same time being adapted to do highly effective work.

With respect to the position of the moistener roll 41 at the left of the drum as shown in Fig. 2, it will be understood that this roll and its cooperating mechanism might be shifted to any other desired position relative to the drum, if such changed position should be deemed advisable. It is to be understood that if this moistening mechanism should be shifted, a corresponding change would be made in the position of the high portion 93 of the cam member 83. Whether the moistener is kept at the left of the drum as shown in Fig. 2 or is transferred to the opposite side of the drum, as might well be done. the arrangement is still to be kept such that upon the rotation of the setting head 9| for shifting the position of thecam 83 the inking mechanism is thrown out of operation ahead of the moistening device and is in turn thrown again into operation upon the reverse rotation of the.setting head after the completion of the movement of the parts for throwing the moistening device into operative position.

While I prefer to employ the form and arrangement of parts as shown in the drawings and as above described, it is to be understood that my invention is not limited to the construction shown except so far as the claims may be so limited, it being understood that changes might well be made in the form and arrangement of the parts without departing from my invention.

I claim:

1. In a diplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, means adapted by operative connection with said driving means to rotate said gear and said forwarding rollers during the greater portion of each rotation of the drum, and means for disconnecting said gear from said driving means during a comparatively small fractional portion of each rotation of the drum for permitting said gear and said rollers to remain stationary.

2. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, means adapted by operative connection with said driving means to rotate said gear and said forwarding rollers during the greater portion of each rotation of the drum, means for disconnecting said gear from said driving means during a comparatively small fractional portion of each rotation of the drum, and means for holding said gear and said rollers stationary while disconnected from said driving means.

3. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, means adapted by operative connection with said driving means to rotate said gear and said forwarding rollers during the greater portion of each rotation of the drum. means for disconnecting said gear from'said driving means at a predetermined point in each successive rotation of the drum, latch means adapted automatically to engage said gear when released from said driving means for holding the gear and said forwarding rollers stationary, and means actuated in timed relation with said driving means for releasing said latch means and reconnecting said gear with said driving means when the drum has moved through a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation following the disconnection of the gear from the driving means.

4. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, and means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of said drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a difierent tooth so as to cause said gear and the forwarding rollers to remain stationary during a comparatively small fractional portion of each rotation of the drum.

5. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, and means for holding said gear stationary during the discontinuance of the driving relations.

6. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, and latch means serving at any of the various positions of the gear at which said pawl is disengaged from said ratchet automatically to engage said gear for holding it stationry during the discontinuance of the driving relations.

7. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding iollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet. driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, and latch means serving at any of the various positions of the gear at which sad pawl is disengaged from said ratchet automatically to engage said gear for holding it stationary and serving automatically to release the gear when driving relations are reestablished.

8. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, a plurality of pins mounted in evenly spaced relation to each other about said gear, and a latch device movably mounted adjacent to said gear adapted automatically to engage one of said pins for holding said gear stationary when said driving relations are broken.

9. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, a plurality of pins mounted in evenly spaced relation to each other about said gear, a latch device movably mounted adjacent to said gear adapted automatically to engage one of said pins for holding said gear stationary when said driving relations are broken. and means for automatically disengaging said latch device from said pin when said driving relations are reestablished.

10. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, pawl and ratchet mechanism normally connecting said gear with said driving means, means adapted automatically at a predetermined pointin each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from one of the teeth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with the next adjacent tooth for reestablishing the drive of the gear, pins mounted on said gear in evenly spaced relation to each other thereabout and corresponding in number with the number of the teeth in said ratchet, a latch device movably mounted adjacent to said gear adapted automatically to engage one of said pins for holding said gear stationary when said driving relations are broken, and means for automatically disengaging said latch device from said pin when said driving relations are reestablished.

11. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwardin rollers, a ratchet connected with said gear, a cam fixedly connected with said drum so as to rotate therewith, a pawl movably mounted on said cam adapted by engagement with said ratchet to cause said gear to rotate with the drum, means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, latch means adapted by an operative stroke at any of the several positions of the gear at which said pawl is disengaged from said ratchet to engage said gear, and means adapted by cooperation with said cam to move said latch into engagement with said gear when said driving connections for the gear are broken and then to move the latch again out of engagement with the gear when said driving connections are reestablished.

12. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, a ratchet connected with said gear, a cam fixedly connected with said drum so as to rotate therewith, a pawl movably mounted J on said cam adapted by engagement with said ratchet to cause said gear to rotate with the drum. means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum to disengage said pawl from the then operative tooth of said ratchet for stopping the drive of said gear and thereafter to reengage the pawl with a different one of said teeth for reestablishing the drive after a comparatively small fractional portion of a rotation of the drum, pins mounted on said gear in evenly spaced relation to each other thereabout corresponding in number with the number of the teeth in said ratchet, a latch device movably mounted adjacent to said gear adapted by an operative stroke to engage one of said pins for holding the gear stationary, and means adapted by cooperation with said cam to move said latch device into engagement with one of said pins when said driving connestions are broken and then to m-c the latch device again out of engagement with said pin when said driving connections are reestablished.

13. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, a ratchet connected with said gear, a plate fixedly connected with said drum so as to rotate therewith. a pawl movably mounted on said plate in position to engage said ratchet for causing said gear to rotate with the drum, yielding means normally holding said pawl in engagement with a tooth of said ratchet, and means adapted at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum and plate to move said pawl out of engagement with the then operative tooth of said ratchet and thereafter promptly to release the pawl for permitting it to engage the next adjacent tooth of the ratchet.

14. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, a ratchet connected with said gear, a plate fixedly connected with said drum so as to rotate therewith, a pawl movably mounted on said plate in position to engage said ratchet for causing said gear to rotate with the drum, yielding means normally holding said pawl in engagement with a tooth of said ratchet, and a cam in fixed position in the path of movement of said pawl adapted automatically at each rotation of the drum and plate to move said pawl out of engagement with the then operative tooth of the ratchet and thereafter to release the pawl for permitting it to engage the next adjacent tooth of the ratchet.

15. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a frame, a drum rotatably mounted on said frame, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, a gear fixedly connected with said drum at one end thereof, driving means adapted normally by engagement with said gear to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, a second gear loosely mounted on the axis of said drum between said first-named gear and the drum, a ratchet rigidly connected with said second gear on its outer face, a plate fixedly connected with said drum so as to rotate therewith adjacent to said ratchet, a pawl movably mounted on said plate in position to engage said ratchet for causing said second gear to rotate with the drum, yielding means normally holding said pawl in engagement with a tooth of said ratchet, driving connections between said second gear and said forwarding rollers, and means adapted automatically at a predetermined point in each rotation of the drum and plate to move said pawl out of engagement with the then operative tooth of said ratchet for breaking the driving connections for said forwarding rollers and adapted automatically promptly thereafter to release the pawl for permitting it to engage the next adjacent tooth of the ratchet for reestablishing the drive for said forwarding rollers.

16. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy'sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet,

means for driving said forwarding rollers intermittently and operating to cause said rollers to be stationary at a predetermined fractional portion of each rotation of the drum, and means for feeding a copy sheet into the bite of said forwarding rollers at each period when said rollers are stationary.

17. In a duplicating machine, the combination of a drum, means for mounting a master sheet removably in position on said drum, forwarding 10 rollers adapted by rotation in cooperative relation to each other to forward a copy sheet into impression relationship to said master sheet, driving means adapted normally to rotate said drum continuously through a series of revolutions, means comprising a gear for rotating said forwarding rollers, means adapted by operative connection with saidflriving means to rotate said gear during the greater portion of each rotation of the drum, means for disconnecting said gear from said driving means during a comparatively 

